Confused about what batteries you can bring on a plane? Learn the TSA battery rules for lithium-ion, lithium metal, power banks, e-cigarettes, and spare batteries. Stay safe and compliant before your next flight.
TSA Battery Rules: Complete 2025 Guide for Travelers
Travelers today depend on devices powered by batteries—smartphones, laptops, cameras, medical gadgets, and even e-cigarettes. But before heading to the airport, it’s vital to understand the TSA battery rules. These guidelines, created by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), help prevent fire hazards and ensure safety during flights.
Whether you’re bringing your favorite gadgets or spare power banks, knowing the right battery restrictions can save you time and stress at the security checkpoint.
🔋 Understanding the Basics of TSA Battery Rules
The TSA battery rules apply to both carry-on and checked baggage. These regulations are particularly strict for lithium-ion and lithium metal batteries because they can overheat or cause fires if damaged.
The FAA enforces size limits, measured in watt-hours (Wh) or lithium content, depending on battery type. The table below summarizes what’s allowed.
📋 Battery Type Restrictions (2025 TSA & FAA Guidelines)
| Battery Type | Allowed in Carry-On | Allowed in Checked Bag | Limits / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lithium-Ion (Rechargeable) | ✅ Yes | ⚠️ Only in devices (not spare) | Up to 100 Wh; 100–160 Wh requires airline approval |
| Lithium Metal (Non-Rechargeable) | ✅ Yes | ⚠️ Only in devices | Up to 2 grams lithium content |
| Alkaline / AA / AAA / NiMH | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | No restriction |
| Power Banks / External Batteries | ✅ Yes | ❌ No | Must be under 100 Wh; max 2 units (100–160 Wh) with airline approval |
| E-Cigarette / Vape Batteries | ✅ Yes (Carry-On Only) | ❌ No | Must not be used or charged onboard |
| Wet Cell / Spillable Batteries | ⚠️ Airline Approval | ❌ No | Special handling required |
| Nonspillable Lead-Acid (Wheelchair, Medical) | ✅ Yes (if airline approved) | ✅ Yes | Must meet UN2800 specs |
💡 Lithium-Ion Batteries: What You Need to Know
Lithium-ion batteries power most modern devices—from phones to laptops. Under TSA battery rules, these batteries are safe in carry-ons but restricted in checked baggage.
- Watt-hour limit: 100 Wh or less is fully allowed.
- Between 100–160 Wh: Requires airline approval (often for camera gear or drones).
- Above 160 Wh: Prohibited from both carry-on and checked bags.
When traveling internationally, always check your airline’s website for additional restrictions, as some may be stricter than the TSA standard.
⚡ Spare Batteries and Power Banks
Spare batteries and power banks are common travel essentials but come with strict rules. The TSA battery rules prohibit these from checked luggage due to their fire risk.
Important tips for spare batteries:
- Always keep them in your carry-on.
- Cover exposed terminals using tape or store them in protective cases.
- Avoid carrying damaged or swollen batteries.
The FAA lithium battery limits allow you to carry unlimited small spares (under 100 Wh) for personal use, while larger spares (100–160 Wh) are capped at two per passenger with airline approval.
🚭 E-Cigarettes, Vapes, and Battery-Operated Devices
Electronic smoking devices, including vapes and e-cigarettes, have specific TSA battery rules. They must always be kept in your carry-on bag or on your person—never in checked luggage.
Here’s what to remember:
- Disable them completely before boarding.
- Do not charge or use them on the aircraft.
- Store them separately to prevent accidental activation.
These FAA battery guidelines exist because vape batteries can overheat or ignite if mishandled.
🧰 Other Battery-Powered Items
Many travelers carry devices that don’t fit neatly into typical categories. Below are examples of additional battery-powered items and how the TSA battery rules apply:
| Device Type | Battery Type | Carry-On | Checked Bag | Special Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical Devices (CPAP, Portable Oxygen) | Lithium-ion or Nonspillable | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | Must have airline notification for high-capacity batteries |
| Cameras / Drones | Lithium-ion | ✅ Yes | ⚠️ Only if battery installed | Follow manufacturer watt-hour details |
| Hearing Aids | Button Cells | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | No restriction |
| Portable Fans / Toys | Alkaline or NiMH | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | No issues |
| Power Tools | Lithium-ion | ✅ Yes (if <100 Wh) | ❌ No | Large tools may need airline approval |
🧳 Carry-On vs. Checked Bag: TSA Battery Rules Summary
To simplify your packing, here’s a quick overview:
- Carry-On Bags: Best place for all lithium-based batteries.
- Checked Bags: Only allowed if the battery is installed in the device (no spares).
- Spare Lithium Batteries & Power Banks: Must stay in the cabin, not the cargo hold.
- Damaged or Recalled Batteries: Prohibited unless certified safe by the manufacturer.
These TSA battery regulations ensure fire risks can be quickly handled by crew if an incident occurs mid-flight.
🛡️ Safety Tips for Traveling with Batteries
Following the TSA battery rules is only half the battle. Here are some expert safety practices:
- Use Original Packaging: Prevents terminal contact and short circuits.
- Avoid Extreme Temperatures: Batteries can degrade or overheat in hot conditions.
- Pack Smart: Place batteries in accessible compartments for easy inspection.
- Inspect Before Travel: Don’t pack damaged or swollen batteries.
- Notify Airlines: For special batteries (e.g., medical, drone, or photography equipment).
These TSA-approved battery safety measures minimize risks and ensure compliance.
✈️ Recent FAA Battery Guidelines Update (2025)
As of 2025, the FAA battery guidelines emphasize updated labeling and certification requirements. Airlines may now request proof of watt-hour rating or manufacturer documentation for large batteries.
The new changes focus on:
- Improved fire containment packaging for large power banks.
- Mandatory airline approval for any battery exceeding 100 Wh.
- Stronger penalties for violating TSA battery rules.
Always double-check airline websites for their latest updates, especially when traveling internationally or with professional-grade equipment.
🧩 Table: TSA Battery Rules Quick Reference (2025)
| Category | Allowed in Carry-On | Allowed in Checked | Key Restriction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lithium-Ion Batteries | ✅ | ❌ (spares) | Max 100 Wh (160 Wh with approval) |
| Lithium Metal Batteries | ✅ | ⚠️ Installed only | Max 2 grams lithium |
| Power Banks | ✅ | ❌ | Under 100 Wh only |
| E-Cigarettes / Vapes | ✅ | ❌ | No in-flight use or charging |
| Alkaline / AA / AAA | ✅ | ✅ | None |
| Wet Cell Batteries | ⚠️ | ❌ | Needs airline approval |
❓ FAQs About TSA Battery Rules
1. Can I bring spare batteries in my carry-on?
Yes, the TSA battery rules allow spare batteries only in carry-on luggage, never in checked bags.
2. How many lithium batteries can I bring?
You can bring unlimited batteries under 100 Wh for personal use. Larger ones (100–160 Wh) require airline approval and are limited to two per passenger.
3. Are power banks allowed on planes?
Yes, but only in carry-on bags. They cannot exceed 100 Wh without airline approval.
4. Why are lithium batteries banned from checked luggage?
Because lithium batteries can overheat or ignite, posing a fire risk in the cargo hold.
5. Can I carry vape batteries or e-cigarettes?
Yes, in your carry-on or on your person. TSA battery rules prohibit them from checked baggage and charging during flights.
🧭 Conclusion: Fly Safely by Following TSA Battery Rules
The TSA battery rules are designed to protect passengers, crew, and aircraft from potential battery-related fires. Whether you’re packing lithium-ion batteries, power banks, or e-cigarettes, always ensure they’re in your carry-on and within legal limits.
Understanding these TSA and FAA battery guidelines helps you breeze through airport security while keeping your gadgets safe. By following simple precautions—like packing batteries properly and checking watt-hour ratings—you’ll avoid delays, confiscations, or fines.
Safe travel starts with smart packing—and knowing the TSA battery rules ensures your next journey takes off without a hitch.